Ko te kāpira sima e pā ana ki tētahi rauemi koranu i hangaia mai i te matū whakarewa ātete hei whāriki me te konganuku whakawhiti hei wāhanga here, kātahi ka hangaia mā te tikanga whakarewa paura. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā motuka, hauora, hōia, parepare whenua, rererangi, rererangi me ētahi atu mara. He mea tika kia mōhiotia, nā te rerekētanga o ngā momo me ngā ihirangi o ngā kāpira me ngā here whakarewa ātete, he rerekē anō hoki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū o ngā kāpira sima kua whakaritea, ā, ko ō rātou āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-tinana e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo kāpira whakarewa. E ai ki ngā wāhanga matua rerekē, ka taea te wehewehe i te kāpira sima ki te momo kāpira sima momo YT me te momo kāpira sima momo YG.
Mai i te tirohanga whakamāramatanga, ko te kāpira sima momo-YT e pā ana ki te kāpira sima momo-tungsten-titanium-cobalt, ko ngā wāhanga matua ko te kāpira tungsten, te kāpira titanium me te cobalt, ā, ko te ingoa waitohu ko "YT" ("mārō, titanium" kupu e rua i te kupu tuatahi Pinyin Hainamana). He mea tito mai i te ihirangi toharite o te kāpira titanium, pērā i te YT15, ko te tikanga ko te ihirangi toharite o te kāpira titanium he 15%, ā, ko te toenga he kāpira sima me te ihirangi kāpira tungsten me te cobalt. Ko te kāpira sima momo-YG e pā ana ki te kāpira sima momo-tungsten-cobalt. Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko te kāpira tungsten me te cobalt. Hei tauira, ko te YG6 e pā ana ki te kāpira tungsten-cobalt me te ihirangi cobalt toharite o te 6%, ā, ko te toenga he kāpira tungsten.
Mai i te tirohanga mahi, he pai te mahi huri, te kaha piko me te pakari o ngā waro sima YT me YG. Me mōhio ko te ātete kakahu me te kawe wera o te waro sima momo-YT me te waro sima momo-YG he rerekē. He pai ake te ātete kakahu o te tuatahi me te kawe wera iti, ko te tuarua he iti te ātete kakahu me te kawe wera. He pai. Mai i te tirohanga tono, he pai te waro sima momo-YT mō te huri taratara, te whakamahere taratara, te whakaoti-haurua, te mira taratara me te keri i te mata kore-haere tonu ina tapahia te wāhanga koretake o te maitai waro me te maitai koranu; koranu mārō momo-YG He pai mō te huri taratara i te tapahi tonu o te rino maka, ngā konganuku kore-ferrous me ō rātou koranu me ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa, te whakaoti-haurua me te whakaoti i te tapahi taratara.
Neke atu i te 50 ngā whenua o te ao e whakaputa ana i te kāpira sima, ā, ko te tapeke o te whakaputanga he 27,000-28,000t. Ko ngā kaihanga matua ko te Hononga o Amerika, Rūhia, Huitene, Haina, Tiamana, Hapani, te United Kingdom, Wīwī, me ētahi atu. Kua kī tonu te mākete kāpira sima o te ao, he tino kaha te whakataetae mākete. I tīmata te hanganga o te umanga kāpira sima o Haina i te mutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1950. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1960 ki te tekau tau atu i 1970, i tere te whanaketanga o te umanga kāpira sima o Haina. I te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1990, i eke te kaha whakaputa kāpira sima katoa o Haina ki te 6000t, ā, ko te tapeke whakaputanga kāpira sima i eke ki te 5000t, tuarua ki Rūhia me te Hononga o Amerika, ko ia te tuatoru o te ao.
Wā tuku: 19 Paenga-whāwhā 2022
