Haere mai ki te ako mō te HSS
Ko te maitai tere-rahi (HSS) he maitai taputapu he tino pakeke, he ātete ki te kakahu, he ātete ki te wera hoki, e mōhiotia ana ko te maitai hau, ko te maitai koi rānei, arā, ka whakapakeke ahakoa ka whakamataohia ki te hau i te wā e tinei ana, ā, he koi. Ka kiia hoki ko te maitai mā.
Ko te maitai tere-rahi he maitai koranu he hanganga matatini kei roto ko ngā huānga hanga carbide pēnei i te tungsten, te molybdenum, te chromium, te vanadium me te cobalt. Ko te tapeke o ngā huānga koranu ka eke ki te 10 ki te 25%. Ka taea e ia te pupuri i te pakeketanga teitei i raro i te wera nui (tata ki te 500℃) i te tapahi tere-rahi, ka taea e te HRC te neke ake i te 60. Koinei te āhuatanga tino nui o te HSS - te pakeketanga whero. Ā, mā te tinei me te whakamahana i te pāmahana iti, i te pāmahana rūma, ahakoa he tino teitei te pakeketanga, engari ina teitei ake te pāmahana i te 200℃, ka tino heke te pakeketanga, i te 500℃ kua heke te pakeketanga ki te taumata rite ki te āhua whakamahana, ka ngaro katoa te kaha ki te tapahi whakarewa, ka whakawhāiti i te maitai taputapu waro. Ā, nā te pai o te pakeketanga whero o te maitai tere-rahi, hei whakakapi i ngā ngoikoretanga kino o te maitai taputapu waro.
Ko te maitai tere-rahi te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana mō te hanga i ngā taputapu tapahi whakarewa matatini, he angiangi ngā taha, he ātete ki te pānga, tae atu ki te hanga i ngā peera pāmahana-tiketike me ngā mati whakaputa matao, pērā i ngā taputapu huri, ngā wiri, ngā oumu, ngā mata kani mīhini me ngā mati wero.
Haere mai ki te ako mō te maitai tungsten
He maha ngā āhuatanga pai o te maitai tungsten (carbide) pērā i te pakeketanga teitei, te ātete ki te kakahu, te kaha me te pakari ake, te ātete ki te wera, te ātete ki te waikura, me ētahi atu. Ina koa, ko tōna pakeketanga teitei me te ātete ki te kakahu kāore i rerekē ahakoa te pāmahana o te 500℃, ā, he pakeketanga teitei tonu i te 1000℃.
Ko te maitai tungsten, ko ōna wāhanga matua ko te tungsten carbide me te cobalt, e 99% o ngā wāhanga katoa me te 1% o ētahi atu konganuku, nō reira e kiia ana ko te maitai tungsten, e mōhiotia ana ko te carbide sima, ā, e kiia ana ko ngā niho o te ahumahi hou.
He rauemi whakakotahitanga whakakorikori te maitai tungsten, kei roto i te iti rawa kotahi te hanganga karāhe whakarewa. Ko te karāhe tungsten, te karāhe cobalt, te karāhe niobium, te karāhe titanium, me te karāhe tantalum ngā wāhanga noa o te maitai tungsten. Ko te rahi o te kōhao o te wāhanga karāhe (te wāhanga rānei) kei roto i te awhe o te 0.2-10 microns, ā, ka honoa ngā kōhao karāhe mā te whakamahi i te here whakarewa. Ko ngā konganuku honohono he konganuku rōpū rino, ko te nuinga he cobalt me te nikara. Nō reira, kei reira ngā koranu tungsten-cobalt, ngā koranu tungsten-nickel me ngā koranu tungsten-titanium-cobalt.
Ko te hanga sinter tungsten he pēhi i te paura ki roto i te pereki, kātahi ka whakamahana ki roto i te oumu sintering ki tētahi pāmahana (pāmahana sintering) me te pupuri mō tētahi wā (wā pupuri), kātahi ka whakamatao kia whiwhi ai i te rauemi maitai tungsten me ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana.
①Tungsten me te cobalt sima carbide
Ko te wāhanga matua ko te tungsten carbide (WC) me te binder cobalt (Co). Ko te tohu he mea tito mai i te "YG" ("mārō, cobalt" i roto i te Hanyu Pinyin) me te ōrau o te ihirangi cobalt toharite. Hei tauira, ko te YG8, ko te tikanga ko te WCo toharite = 8%, ā, ko te toenga he tungsten carbide cimented carbide.
②Tungsten, titanium me te cobalt sima carbide
Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko te tungsten carbide, te titanium carbide (TiC) me te cobalt. Ko te tohu he mea tito mai i te "YT" ("mārō, titanium" i roto i te Hanyu Pinyin) me te ihirangi toharite o te titanium carbide. Hei tauira, ko te YT15, ko te tikanga ko te TiC toharite = 15%, ko te toenga he tungsten carbide me te ihirangi cobalt o te tungsten titanium cobalt carbide.
③Karaiti Tungsten-titanium-tantalum (niobium)
Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko te tungsten carbide, te titanium carbide, te tantalum carbide (te niobium carbide rānei) me te cobalt. Ka kiia hoki tēnei momo carbide he carbide whānui, he carbide whānui rānei. Ko te tohu he "YW" ("mārō" me te "miriona" i roto i te Hanyu Pinyin) me te tau raupapa, pērā i te YW1.
He maha ngā āhuatanga pai o te maitai tungsten, pērā i te pakeketanga teitei, te ātete ki te kakahu, te kaha me te pakari ake, te ātete ki te wera, te ātete ki te waikura, me ētahi atu. Ahakoa te pāmahana o te 500℃, kāore i rerekē te pakeketanga me te ātete ki te kakahu, he nui tonu te pakeketanga i te 1000℃. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te waro sima hei rauemi, pērā i ngā taputapu huri, ngā taputapu mira, ngā wiri, ngā taputapu keri, me ētahi atu. Ko te tere tapahi o te waro hou he rite ki ngā rau ngā wā o te maitai waro.
Te wā tuku: 21-Pepuere-2023
